08eOptions Strategies

The Strategy Builder on the charts page constructs twelve structures from the live options chain, then shows what it pays. This chapter is the reference behind that menu — one page per strategy, grouped the way the picker groups them — plus ten more the builder does not construct, marked guide only. A reference shelf is allowed to be broader than the tool.

Each deep dive carries a payoff diagram, the legs it is built from, what the shape means, and the conditions the structure suits. The maximum profit, maximum loss, break-evens and collateral on every page are computed by the same engine the builder runs on rather than typed in — so the guide cannot quietly disagree with the tool.

For the builder itself — the two views, the date and volatility sliders, the heat grid and what the model behind them assumes — see The Strategy Builder.

Every example below is priced off one shared option chain — a $50 stock, puts at $40 / $45 / $50 and calls at $50 / $55 / $60 — so the twelve are directly comparable. Move between the bull put and the iron condor and the only thing that changes is the structure.

What is deliberately missing

Three structures a premium seller will eventually ask about are absent, and the reason is worth stating plainly rather than leaving as a gap: the Poor Man's Covered Call, calendar spreads and diagonal spreads.

All three hold legs at different expiries. When the near leg expires the far one still has months of time value left, so valuing the position needs an option-pricing model run at a future date. The payoff engine behind every diagram on this page is deliberately model-free — it computes what an option is worth at expiry, which is a fact rather than an estimate. Drawing these three with the same maths would produce a confident picture that is simply wrong.

They are on the list. Until the engine can price a leg forward in time, leaving them out is more honest than illustrating them incorrectly.

Reading any payoff diagram

  • The horizontal axis is where the stock finishes at expiry, not today's price. The vertical axis is profit or loss on the whole position.
  • Flat lines mean capped. A flat right-hand end says further upside adds nothing; a flat left-hand end says the loss stops there.
  • Where the line crosses zero is a break-even, marked with a dot. Some structures have two.
  • Dashed verticals are strikes. Every bend in a payoff line happens at a strike — that is what a strike is.
  • Collateral is not the maximum loss. It is what the broker holds, before the premium you received. On a credit spread it is the width, never the short strike.

Like everything in this guide, these are descriptions of structures and conditions — context for your own decisions, not instructions to trade.